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使用缩写检索 FSTA 字段

在检索“主题”和“叙词”字段时可以使用以下缩写。

AAS
atomic absorption spectrometry
abstr.
abstract
ACC
1-aminocyclopropane-1-carboxylic acid
ADI
acceptable daily intake
AOAC
Association of Official Analytical Chemists
approx.
approximately
ARS
Agricultural Research Service
atm
atmosphere
aw
water activity
BHA
butylated hydroxyanisole
BHT
butylated hydroxytoluene
bp
base pair(s)
b.p.
boiling point
Bq
Becquerel
BSE
bovine spongiform encephalopathy
cal
calorie
cfu
colony forming unit
Ci
curie
CJD
Creutzfeldt-Jakob disease
CLA
conjugated linoleic acid
coeff.
coefficient
Co.
Company
conc.
concentrated
concn.
concentration
Corp.
Corporation
CSIRO
Commonwealth Scientific and Industrial Research Organization
cv.
cultivar
Da
Dalton
DE
dextrose equivalent
DFD
dark firm dry
diam.
diameter
dil.
dilute
DM
dry matter, Deutsche Mark
DRV
dietary reference value
DSC
differential scanning calorimetry
E.
East, Eastern, etc.
EC/EU
European Community/European Union
ECD
electron capture detection
EDTA
ethylenediaminetetra-acetic acid
ELISA
enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay
EM
electron microscopy/micrograph(s)
EPA
Environmental Protection Agency
FAO
Food & Agriculture Organization
FDA
Food & Drug Administration
FIA
flow injection analysis
FID
flame ionization detection
f.p.
freezing point
FPD
flame photometric detection
FTIR
Fourier transform IR
GC
gas chromatography
gn
gravity
GLC
gas-liquid chromatography
GM/O
genetically modified/organism
GRAS
generally regarded/recognized as safe
h
hour
ha
hectare
HACCP
Hazard Analysis Critical Control Point
HDPE
high density/polyethylene
hl
hectolitre (100 l)
HPLC
high performance/pressure liquid chromatography
HTST
high temperature short time
Hz
hertz (frequency cycle/s)
ICPMS
inductively coupled plasma MS
IEF
isoelectric focusing
Inc.
Incorporated
IR
infrared
IU
international unit
J
joule
kb
kilobase(s)
K
Kelvin
KK
Kabushiki Kaisha(Co. Ltd.)
LC
liquid chromatography
l
litre
LDPE
low density polyethylene
MALDI-TOF-MS
matrix-assisted laser desorption/ionization time-of-flight MS
m-equiv.
milli-equivalent
M
molar concentration
max.
maximum
min
minute (time)
min.
minimum
mol
mole
mol. wt.
molecular weight
m.p.
melting point
MPN
most probable number
Mr
relative molecular mass
MRL
maximum residue limit
MS
mass spectrometry
N
Newton (kg m / s2)
N.
North, Northern, etc.
N
normal concentration
NAA
neutron activation analysis
NIR
near infrared
NMR
nuclear magnetic resonance
NPR
net protein ratio
NPU
net protein utilization
P
probability
Pa
pascal (N/m2)
PAGE
polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis
PAH
polynuclear aromatic hydrocarbons
PCB
polychlorinated bi-phenyls
PCR
polymerase chain reaction
PER
protein efficiency ratio
PET
polyethylenetereph-thalate
PFGE
pulsed-field gel electrophoresis
pfu
plaque forming unit
ppb
parts per billion
ppm
parts per million
ppt
parts per trillion
PUFA
polyunsaturated fatty acids
PSE
pale soft exudative
PTFE
polytetrafluoroethylene
PVC
polyvinyl chloride
PVDC
polyvinylidene chloride
RAPD
randomly amplified polymorphic DNA
RDA
recommended dietary allowance
RDI
recommended daily intake
ref.
reference(s)
RFLP
restriction fragment length polymorphism
RH
relative humidity
RP-HPLC
reverse phase HPLC
rpm
revolutions per minute
S.
South, Southern 等
s.d.
standard deviation
SDS
sodium dodecylsulphate
s.e.
standard error
s
second (time)
SEM
scanning electron microscopy/micro-graph(s)
SNF
solids-not-fat
sp., spp.
species
sp. gr.
specific gravity
Suppl.
Supplement
t
metric tonne
TBA
thiobarbituric acid
TBARS
TBA reactive substances
TBHQ
tert-butylhydroquinone
TEM
transmission electron microscopy/micro-graph(s)
temp.
temperature
TLC
thin layer chromatography
TS
total solids
TSS
total soluble solids
UHT
ultra-hightemperature
USDA
United States Department of Agriculture
UV
ultraviolet
V
volt
var.
variety
vol.
volume
v/v
volume/volume
W
watt
W.
West, Western, etc.
WHO
World Health Organization
w/v
weight/volume
wk
week
wt.
weight
yr
year

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警告……

某些使用过于广泛的缩写可能检索出不相关的记录。请尝试缩小检索范围,以便检索引擎能够精确地解释您的检索式。

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检索窍门

某些缩写(如 FAO、EPA 和 USDA)可以输入到“团体作者”字段中。在这种情况下,请同时输入缩写名称和完整名称。例如,用 USDA AND United States Department of Agriculture 检索,而不是仅用 USDA。

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您知道吗...

记录中通常使用化学符号和公认的生化缩写。

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特殊字符

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> 大于或等于;不小于

< 小于

< 小于或等于;不大于