The Times Cited count indicates the number of times a published paper was cited by other papers, including conference proceedings papers.

How We Count Citing Articles

We count citations from the reference list in journals, conference proceedings, book series, and other papers that are indexed in Web of Science.

Citing article counts are for all years (from 1900 to the present) and all five citation indexes in Web of Science - not just for your current year limits and indexes included in your subscription (which may be smaller). The citation indexes include the following.

• Science Citation Index Expanded
• Social Sciences Citation Index
• Arts & Humanities Citation Index
• Conference Proceedings Citation Index - Science
• Conference Proceedings Citation Index - Social Sciences & Humanities

Moreover, we do not count the same reference (duplicate cites) more than once from a single source. For instance, if an author cites a paper five times in the body of an article (abbreviated in-text citations), we only process and count a reference once.

The methodology for calculating the Times Cited count is applied for all Web of Science records and for all subscriptions to Web of Science. If you view Times Cited for a record from anywhere in the world, the value is always the same.

The two Conference Proceedings citation indexes were recently added to Web of Science. The Times Cited count now includes records that have been cited by conference records.

Cited Reference Search Results

When you complete a Cited Reference Search, the number of citing articles you retrieve may be smaller than the number listed in the Citing Articles column on the Cited Reference Search page if your institution's subscription to Web of Science does not include all years and all citation indexes.

You may also retrieve fewer citing articles if you restrict your timespan and/or database selections. For example, you decide to limit your cited reference search to Latest 5 Years. In this instance, the system only retrieves citing articles for this timespan.

Times Cited Count - Results and Full Record Pages

The number of citing articles you can view on the Citing Articles page may be smaller than the number listed in the Times Cited count on the Results and Full Records pages if your institution's subscription to Web of Science does not include all years and all citation indexes.

Footnotes and Endnotes

We will process and count citations in footnotes and endnotes, but we only count a citation once regardless of whether it appears in both a footnote and in a reference list.

English and Non-English Citations

Some citations may be presented in both English and also in another language within the same reference list. These are known as duplicate citations. As a rule, we provide the English citation provided it has the same amount or more information than the foreign citation.

Source Articles and Cited Articles

Keep in mind the difference between source articles and cited articles. Source articles are from journals that we have indexed in Web of Science. Every source article has a Full Record in Web of Science.

• Cited references that can be expanded on the Cited Reference Search page that have a View Record link are source records.

• Forward Only citations in a Citation Map are source records.

• Backward Only citations in a Citation Map may include source records and non-source cited articles.

Did You Know ...

The Times Cited, Cited by, and Citing Articles links all mean the same thing.

• The Times Cited link appears on the Results and Full Record pages below the Source field.

• The Cited by link appears on the Full Record page in the right-hand column.

• The Citing Articles link appears on the Cited Reference Search page.